Jyotirlinga 2 of 12

Mallikarjuna

मल्लिकार्जुन

Srisailam · Andhra Pradesh

The second jyotirlinga. When Kartikeya leaves home and will not return, Shiva and Parvati go to see him on parva days, and the place where they do becomes Mallikarjuna.

In the list of twelve (Shata Rudra Samhita)

Mallikarjuna in Shrishaila. The Shata Rudra list calls it the second avatara, in Shrigiri, and says Shiva left his own mountain, extremely happily, to go and see his son.

The story in the Shiva Purana

A condensed retelling, about a third of the source length, from Bibek Debroy's translation. The chapters linked below give the Purana's account chapter by chapter. Quoted speech is a close paraphrase, not a verbatim quotation.

Kumara leaves Kailasa

Suta says he has already told the rishis about Kumara's divine conduct but will tell this part again, because it destroys sins. Kumara, Shiva's son and the great enemy of Taraka, had gone around the earth and come back to Kailasa. There the divine rishi Narada told him all about Ganesha's marriage. His mind was in a whirl.

Kumara bowed to his parents and, though they tried to hold him back, went off to Mount Krouncha.

Parvati grieves; the gods are sent

Girija was miserable at the separation. Shambhu comforted her: why grieve, beloved, your son will come back. She paid no attention, so Shankara sent the devas and rishis to bring Kumara home. They went cheerfully, bowed to him, praised him and tried every kind of persuasion. Kumara, in the grip of great pride, ignored the prayers of the devas and the command of Shiva, the guru of his lineage. The gods returned to Shiva, bowed and went home.

The parents go themselves

Parvati's grief grew, and Shambhu too was dejected, following the ways of the world. Out of love they went to the place where their son was. Kumara did not return their affection. Learning that they had come, and feeling no love for them, he left that mountain and moved three yojanas away.

So Shiva and Shivaa stayed on at Krouncha, in forms full of energy. Out of affection for their son, they go there on every parva day. Shiva himself goes on amavasya, and Parvati goes on purnima.

The lingam

That is the day the Mallikarjuna lingam originated, and it is famous in the three worlds. Suta says that anyone who sees it has all sins destroyed and receives whatever he desires. He lists wealth, grain, prosperity, fame and freedom from disease, and says the seer does not suffer the distress of a mother's womb again. Suta calls Mallikarjuna the second jyotirlinga.

This is the Purana's own statement of the lingam's fruits. Note that the text places the story at Mount Krouncha, while the Shata Rudra list names the site Shrishaila or Shrigiri, which is where the temple stands today.

Read the source chapters

The temple today

From Wikipedia's article on the temple. Disputed or inconsistent items are marked as such, not resolved.

History

  • 2nd centuryInscriptions of the Satavahana dynasty point to the temple existing by the 2nd century.
  • About the 7th centuryThe Mallikarjuna shrine itself is described as the oldest part of the complex, dating to around the 7th century.
  • 12th and 13th centuriesUnder the Reddi kingdom, the Veerasheromandapam and the Paathalaganga steps were built.
  • 14th and 15th centuriesMost later additions came under the Vijayanagara Empire, notably King Harihara I, including the Mukha Mandapa.

Architecture

The complex covers about two hectares and faces east, with four gateway towers. A wall about 183 m by 152 m and 8.5 m high encloses it.

Features include a Sahasra linga (a lingam with a thousand small lingas), five other lingams and a mirror hall with images of Nataraja.

Features and practices

  • The temple is also counted as one of the Shakta pithas, with Bhramaramba's shrine marking the pitha. The Shakti Peetha count varies by list: the Wikipedia article gives 52 and also calls it one of the 18 Maha Shakta pithas.
  • It is also one of the Paadal Petra Sthalams of the Tamil Tirumurai canon.
  • The lingam is bathed in water from the Krishna River, locally called Patal Ganga. Reaching the river involves climbing 852 steps.

Festivals

  • Maha Shivaratri is the festival listed for the temple.

Getting there

Srisailam is in Nandyal district, Andhra Pradesh. By road it is about 213 km from Hyderabad and about 180 km from Kurnool. The nearest railway station is Markapur Road, with Tarlupadu as another option, both roughly two to two and a half hours by road. Nearest airports are Kurnool and Hyderabad. The source gives different distance figures in different sections, so confirm distances before travelling.

Before you go

  • Darshan hours, special-ritual rules and access change over time. Confirm with the temple trust or the local authorities before you travel.

Source note

Story: Koti Rudra Samhita chapter 15 and Shata Rudra Samhita chapter 42, condensed to roughly a third of the source length (the linked Purana chapters give the account chapter by chapter). Temple facts: Wikipedia's Srisailam temple article. That article is silent on timings, dress code and Ugadi, so they are not included here.